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English · Chapter 21 · Para Jumbles

Para Jumbles

In a para jumble, four or more sentences of a paragraph are shuffled and you must put them back in order. You do not need to understand every word — you need the links between sentences: a noun introduced in one sentence and referred to by a pronoun in the next, a full name before its short form, a connector like "but" or "therefore" that signals what came before. Find one sure link, check the options, and the answer often falls out. This chapter builds those link-finding tools.वाक्य-क्रम (para jumble) में किसी अनुच्छेद के चार या अधिक वाक्य मिला दिए जाते हैं और आपको उन्हें सही क्रम में लगाना होता है। हर शब्द समझने की ज़रूरत नहीं — वाक्यों के बीच की कड़ियाँ चाहिए: एक वाक्य में परिचित संज्ञा और अगले में सर्वनाम, पूरा नाम फिर संक्षिप्त रूप, "but" या "therefore" जैसा connector। एक पक्की कड़ी खोजें, विकल्प जाँचें, और उत्तर अक्सर निकल आता है। यह अध्याय कड़ी-खोज के औज़ार बनाता है।
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Topic 01

The Noun–Pronoun Link

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A noun is introduced first; only afterwards can a pronoun (he, she, it, they, this) refer back to it. So a sentence that names "the tiger" must come before a sentence that says "it escaped". Find such a pair and you have fixed two sentences' order at once.संज्ञा पहले आती है; उसके बाद ही कोई सर्वनाम (he, she, it, they, this) उसकी ओर लौट सकता है। अतः "the tiger" नाम वाला वाक्य "it escaped" वाले वाक्य से पहले आएगा। ऐसी जोड़ी खोजें और दो वाक्यों का क्रम एक साथ तय हो जाता है।

Example. D: "…a salmonella bacterium…"   C: "…salmonella infections…" → D introduces the bacterium, C names the infection it causes, so D comes before C.
📝 Self-testस्वयं-परीक्षण 4 MCQs

Arrange:
P. He worked hard and topped the exam.
Q. Ravi was a poor but bright student.
R. His parents were very proud of him.
S. He won a scholarship to a good college.क्रम लगाएँ:
P. He worked hard and topped the exam.
Q. Ravi was a poor but bright student.
R. His parents were very proud of him.
S. He won a scholarship to a good college.

  1. P Q R S
  2. R Q P S
  3. Q P S R
  4. Q S P R
✔ C. Q names "Ravi"; P, S, R then use "He/His" → Q P S R.✔ C. Q "Ravi" का परिचय; फिर P, S, R "He/His" → Q P S R।

The noun–pronoun rule says:संज्ञा–सर्वनाम नियम कहता है:

  1. pronouns start a paragraph
  2. order does not matter
  3. the pronoun comes first
  4. the sentence with the noun comes before the one with the pronoun
✔ D. A noun is introduced before a pronoun can refer to it.✔ D. सर्वनाम के इशारे से पहले संज्ञा का परिचय होता है।

Arrange:
P. But it can be tamed with patience.
Q. The horse was wild and dangerous.
R. Now it obeys every command.क्रम लगाएँ:
P. But it can be tamed with patience.
Q. The horse was wild and dangerous.
R. Now it obeys every command.

  1. P Q R
  2. Q R P
  3. Q P R
  4. R Q P
✔ C. Q names "the horse"; P ("But it…") and R ("Now it…") follow → Q P R.✔ C. Q "the horse" का परिचय; फिर P, R → Q P R।

Sentence D introduces a device; sentence C describes "this device". Which comes first?वाक्य D एक उपकरण का परिचय देता है; C "this device" का वर्णन करता है। कौन पहले आएगा?

  1. D
  2. C
  3. neither
  4. either
✔ A. The introduction (D) precedes "this device" (C).✔ A. परिचय (D) "this device" (C) से पहले।
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Topic 02

Full Form Before Short Form

We name something in full when we first mention it, then use a short form later. So "Karl Marx" comes before "Marx"; "World Trade Organisation" before "WTO"; "President George Bush" before "the President". The sentence with the full name is earlier.पहली बार किसी का पूरा नाम लेते हैं, बाद में संक्षिप्त। अतः "Karl Marx" "Marx" से पहले; "World Trade Organisation" "WTO" से पहले; "President George Bush" "the President" से पहले। पूरे नाम वाला वाक्य पहले आता है।

📝 Self-testस्वयं-परीक्षण 4 MCQs

A paragraph has one sentence with "Karl Marx" and another with "Marx". Which comes first?एक अनुच्छेद में एक वाक्य "Karl Marx" और दूसरा "Marx" वाला है। कौन पहले?

  1. the "Karl Marx" sentence
  2. the "Marx" sentence
  3. neither
  4. either
✔ A. The full name is introduced first.✔ A. पूरा नाम पहले आता है।

Arrange:
P. Marx called religion the opiate of the people.
Q. Karl Marx was a nineteenth-century thinker.
R. His ideas still shape political debate.क्रम लगाएँ:
P. Marx called religion the opiate of the people.
Q. Karl Marx was a nineteenth-century thinker.
R. His ideas still shape political debate.

  1. Q R P
  2. R P Q
  3. P Q R
  4. Q P R
✔ D. Full name Q → short form P → "His" R → Q P R.✔ D. पूरा नाम Q → संक्षिप्त P → "His" R → Q P R।

"World Trade Organisation" and "WTO" appear in different sentences. The sentence with "WTO" is:"World Trade Organisation" और "WTO" अलग वाक्यों में हैं। "WTO" वाला वाक्य है:

  1. always the last
  2. the later one
  3. the first one
  4. the opening
✔ B. The short form / acronym comes after the full form.✔ B. संक्षिप्त/acronym पूरे रूप के बाद आता है।

Arrange:
P. The Prime Minister addressed the nation.
Q. Dr Manmohan Singh took office in 2004.
R. He spoke about the economy.क्रम लगाएँ:
P. The Prime Minister addressed the nation.
Q. Dr Manmohan Singh took office in 2004.
R. He spoke about the economy.

  1. R Q P
  2. P Q R
  3. Q P R
  4. P R Q
✔ C. Full name Q → title P → "He" R → Q P R.✔ C. पूरा नाम Q → पदनाम P → "He" R → Q P R।
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Topic 03

Connectors, Articles & Time

  • Article link: "a/an" introduces (first mention), "the" refers back: "I bought a book" comes before "The book was a gift".Article कड़ी: "a/an" परिचय (पहली बार), "the" वापस इशारा: "I bought a book" "The book was a gift" से पहले।
  • Connectors: "but, however, therefore, so, thus, also" link back to an earlier sentence — a sentence starting with one of these cannot be first.Connector: "but, however, therefore, so, thus, also" पिछले वाक्य से जुड़ते हैं — इनसे शुरू होने वाला वाक्य पहला नहीं हो सकता।
  • Time order: arrange by chronology — "first / then / later / finally" and dates give the sequence directly.समय-क्रम: कालक्रम से लगाएँ — "first / then / later / finally" और तिथियाँ क्रम बता देती हैं।
📝 Self-testस्वयं-परीक्षण 4 MCQs

Arrange:
P. The book turned out to be a rare first edition.
Q. Last week I bought an old book at a sale.क्रम लगाएँ:
P. The book turned out to be a rare first edition.
Q. Last week I bought an old book at a sale.

  1. P Q
  2. neither
  3. either
  4. Q P
✔ D. "an old book" (a → introduce) before "The book" (the → refer back) → Q P.✔ D. "an old book" (परिचय) फिर "The book" (वापस इशारा) → Q P।

A sentence beginning with "However," can be the:"However," से शुरू होने वाला वाक्य हो सकता है:

  1. always the last
  2. the title
  3. always the first sentence
  4. never the first sentence
✔ D. "However" contrasts with something before it, so it cannot open.✔ D. "However" पिछली बात से विरोध करता है, अतः पहला नहीं हो सकता।

"Therefore" at the start of a sentence signals that the sentence gives a:वाक्य के आरंभ में "Therefore" संकेत देता है कि वाक्य देता है:

  1. result of an earlier point
  2. a fresh topic
  3. a question
  4. a contrast
✔ A. "Therefore" introduces a conclusion, so a cause must precede it.✔ A. "Therefore" निष्कर्ष देता है, अतः कारण पहले होगा।

Arrange by time:
P. Then he studied medicine for five years.
Q. He was born in a small village in 1980.
R. Finally he became a famous surgeon.समय से क्रम लगाएँ:
P. Then he studied medicine for five years.
Q. He was born in a small village in 1980.
R. Finally he became a famous surgeon.

  1. Q R P
  2. Q P R
  3. R Q P
  4. P Q R
✔ B. Born → Then studied → Finally became → Q P R.✔ B. जन्म → फिर पढ़ाई → अंततः बना → Q P R।
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Topic 04

Finding the Opening Sentence

Fix the first sentence and the rest is easier. The opener is usually general and self-contained — it introduces the topic with a full noun and no back-reference. A sentence starting with a pronoun (it, he, they, this, these) or a connector (but, so, however) is almost never the opener. Once the first sentence is chosen, matching it against the options quickly eliminates wrong sequences.पहला वाक्य तय कर लें तो बाकी आसान। आरंभिक वाक्य आमतौर पर सामान्य व स्वतंत्र होता है — पूरी संज्ञा से विषय का परिचय और कोई पीछे का इशारा नहीं। सर्वनाम (it, he, they, this) या connector (but, so, however) से शुरू वाक्य लगभग कभी पहला नहीं होता। पहला वाक्य चुनते ही विकल्पों से गलत क्रम जल्दी हट जाते हैं।

📝 Self-testस्वयं-परीक्षण 4 MCQs

Which of these is most likely the opening sentence?इनमें से पहला वाक्य सबसे संभावित कौन-सा है?

  1. It has many health benefits.
  2. Yoga is an ancient Indian practice.
  3. But it requires daily discipline.
  4. These postures improve flexibility.
✔ B. It introduces the topic with a full noun and no back-reference.✔ B. यह पूरी संज्ञा से विषय का परिचय देता है, कोई पीछे का इशारा नहीं।

A sentence that begins with "This", "It" or "Such" is usually:"This", "It" या "Such" से शुरू वाक्य आमतौर पर होता है:

  1. always the opening sentence
  2. a heading
  3. not the opening sentence
  4. always the last sentence
✔ C. Those words refer back, so the sentence needs an earlier one.✔ C. वे शब्द पीछे इशारा करते हैं, अतः पहले कोई वाक्य चाहिए।

Arrange:
P. It soon spread to the neighbouring towns.
Q. A deadly fever broke out in the city.
R. The government declared an emergency.क्रम लगाएँ:
P. It soon spread to the neighbouring towns.
Q. A deadly fever broke out in the city.
R. The government declared an emergency.

  1. Q P R
  2. R Q P
  3. P Q R
  4. Q R P
✔ A. Q introduces "a fever"; P ("It…") and R follow → Q P R.✔ A. Q "a fever" का परिचय; फिर P, R → Q P R।

Two sentences that must stay together as a pair are called a:दो वाक्य जो जोड़ी में साथ रहें, कहलाते हैं:

  1. opening pair
  2. mandatory pair
  3. random pair
  4. closing pair
✔ B. A mandatory pair is two sentences whose order is fixed and adjacent.✔ B. mandatory pair = दो वाक्य जिनका क्रम निश्चित व सटा हुआ हो।

Test Yourself · Para Jumbles

12 questions — reorder the sentences. Tap an option to check, then read Why.

12 प्रश्न — वाक्यों को सही क्रम में लगाएँ। जाँचने के लिए विकल्प पर टैप करें, फिर Why पढ़ें।